Calendula (Pot Marigold): Belonging to the genus Calendula of the Asteraceae family, it is native to the Mediterranean coast.
The Pot Marigold, with its radiant orange and yellow petals, typically blooms in spring but continues to flower over a long period from December to May, adding color to winter gardens and making it a popular plant.
Its scientific name is Calendula officinalis, and it is also known by its English and trade name, Pot Marigold.
Calendula is used as an herb for edible flowers and aromatherapy oils, and while many ornamental garden varieties exist, it is recommended to choose those specifically cultivated for herbal use.
The name Calendula was associated with the lunar cycles in classical Roman times, deriving from the Latin Kalendae, meaning the first day of the month. This signifies Calendula as a natural calendar, believed to hold astronomical connections and magical powers. Notably, Calendula was linked to Janus, the god symbolizing the beginning and end of the year and change, correlating with its characteristic of blooming at sunrise and closing at sunset.
The yellow and orange varieties are especially recognized as medicinal plants. Calendula thrives in sunny locations with well-draining, poor soil and is also known as the "bride of the sun." Its vibrant flowers emit a scent that attracts hoverflies and butterflies.
Calendula's benefits include repairing skin and mucosal damage, antimicrobial, and antiviral properties, earning it the title of a "universal herb." Additionally, it is known for its calming effects on emotions and traditional uses for irregular menstruation. The flower blooms with the sun, earning it the titles of "bride of the sun" and "flower with strong protective energy from the sun's energy." Spiritual beliefs include hanging a garland of Calendula at the entrance to ward off bad energy.
However, the language of flowers for the Pot Marigold includes negative meanings such as "pessimism," "despair," "disappointment," and "sorrow of parting." This is said to be related to the myth of a nymph who fell in love with the sun god Apollo and the medieval belief that yellow flowers were ominous. Contrary to these sad images, Calendula symbolizes the energy of the sun and is revered in many cultures and traditions for its positive power.
The plant symbolizes the passage of time, change, and rejuvenation through its name and characteristics, influencing various cultures and traditions over the years. Marigold continues to add color and meaning to people's lives, from the past to the present. In Japan, it grows well even in winter and is commonly used for Buddhist floral offerings, possibly influenced by this imagery.